European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2020) European drug report 2020: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
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External website: https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/edr2020
This report is based on information provided to the EMCDDA by the EU Member States, the candidate country Turkey, and Norway, in an annual reporting process.
The purpose of the current report is to provide an overview and summary of the European drug situation up to the end of 2019. All grouping, aggregates and labels therefore reflect the situation based on the available data in 2019 in respect to the composition of the European Union and the countries participating in EMCDDA reporting exercises. However, not all data will cover the full period. Due to the time needed to compile and submit data, many of the annual national data sets included here are from the reference year January to December 2018. Analysis of trends is based only on those countries providing sufficient data to describe changes over the period specified. The reader should also be aware that monitoring patterns and trends in a hidden and stigmatised behaviour like drug use is both practically and methodologically challenging. For this reason, multiple sources of data are used for the purposes of analysis in this report. Although considerable improvements can be noted, both nationally and in respect to what is possible to achieve in a European level analysis, the methodological difficulties in this area must be acknowledged. Caution is therefore required in interpretation, in particular when countries are compared on any single measure. Caveats relating to the data are to be found in the online Statistical Bulletin, which contains detailed information on methodology, qualifications on analysis and comments on the limitations in the information set available. Information is also available there on the methods and data used for European level estimates, where interpolation may be used.
B Substances > Cannabis / Marijuana
B Substances > Hallucinogens / Psychedelics
B Substances > Sedatives, hypnotics or tranquillisers (CNS depressants)
B Substances > CNS stimulants
B Substances > CNS stimulants > Amphetamines
B Substances > CNS stimulants > MDMA / Ecstasy
B Substances > Cocaine
B Substances > Opioids (opiates)
B Substances > New (novel) psychoactive substances
J Health care, prevention, harm reduction and treatment > Harm reduction > Substance use harm reduction
J Health care, prevention, harm reduction and treatment > Prevention approach
J Health care, prevention, harm reduction and treatment > Treatment and maintenance > Treatment factors
MP-MR Policy, planning, economics, work and social services > Policy > Policy on substance use
T Demographic characteristics > Adult
T Demographic characteristics > Young adult
VA Geographic area > Europe
VA Geographic area > Europe > Ireland
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